Bone Marrow Stem Cell Derived Paracrine Factors for Regenerative Medicine: Current Perspectives and Therapeutic Potential.Bone Marrow Res. 2011

Bone Marrow Stem Cell Derived Paracrine Factors for Regenerative Medicine
Tom J. Burdon, 1 Arghya Paul, 1 Nicolas Noiseux, 2 Satya Prakash, 1 and Dominique Shum-Tim 3, 4 *
1Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Duff Medical Building, 3775 University Street, McGill University, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
2Dèpartment de Chirurgie Cardiaque, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Pavillon Hôtel-Dieu, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
3Divisions of Cardiac Surgery and Surgical Research, The Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, QC, Canada H3G 1A4
4The Royal Victoria Hospital, Suite S8.73.B, 687 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, QC, Canada H3A 1A1
*Dominique Shum-Tim: Email: dshumtim@yahoo.ca
Academic Editor: Helen A. Papadaki
Received August 31, 2010; Accepted October 12, 2010.
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

* Other Sections▼
o Abstract
o 1. Introduction
o 2. Emerging Role of BMSCs for Cell and Tissue Regeneration Therapy
o 3. Exploiting the Cell Fusion and Differentiation Properties of BMSCs: Potentials and Limitations
o 4. Exploiting the Paracrine Factors Released from BMSCs
o 5. Recent Applications of Stem Cell-Conditioned Media in the Biomedical Fields
o 6. Future Directions
o 7. Conclusion
o References

Abstract
During the past several years, there has been intense research in the field of bone marrow-derived stem cell (BMSC) therapy to facilitate its translation into clinical setting. Although a lot has been accomplished, plenty of challenges lie ahead. Furthermore, there is a growing body of evidence showing that administration of BMSC-derived conditioned media (BMSC-CM) can recapitulate the beneficial effects observed after stem cell therapy. BMSCs produce a wide range of cytokines and chemokines that have, until now, shown extensive therapeutic potential. These paracrine mechanisms could be as diverse as stimulating receptor-mediated survival pathways, inducing stem cell homing and differentiation or regulating the anti-inflammatory effects in wounded areas. The current review reflects the rapid shift of interest from BMSC to BMSC-CM to alleviate many logistical and technical issues regarding cell therapy and evaluates its future potential as an effective regenerative therapy.