Sex and Age Differences in the Relation of Depressive Symptoms With Blood Pressure
Por: Mauli T. Shah, Alan B. Zonderman y Shari R. Waldstein. American Journal of Hypertension, Volume 26, Issue 12, Pp. 1413-1420.
Longitudinal associations between depressive symptoms and blood pressure have been inconsistent. Most studies have examined incident hypertension as an outcome, and few have examined effect modification.
Depression and depressive symptoms are established risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD),1 but the mechanisms underlying this relation are unclear. Hypertension may be a mechanism through which depressive symptoms influence CVD pathogenesis. Prior literature has identified inconsistent longitudinal associations between depressive symptoms and blood pressure (BP).
Results demonstrate sex and age differences in the relation between depressive symptoms and blood pressure. Findings suggest the potential importance of preventing, detecting, and lowering depressive symptoms to prevent hypertension among women and older adults.
Por: Giuseppe Vittorio De Socio, Elena Ricci, Paolo Maggi, Giustino Parruti, Giacomo Pucci, Antonio Di Biagio, Leonardo Calza, Giancarlo Orofino, Laura Carenzi, Enisia Cecchini, Giordano Madeddu, Tiziana Quirino, Giuseppe Schillaci for the CISAI study group. American Journal of Hypertension, Volume 27 Issue 2, Pp. 222-228, February 2014.
We aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension in an unselected human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected population and to identify factors associated with hypertension prevalence, treatment, and control. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the general population, is an increasing concern for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected patients. HIV-infected individuals are exposed to accelerated vascular aging,1 and this issue has become even more relevant since antiretroviral therapy has impressively extended the life span of HIV-infected individuals.
Estudios importantes sobre hipertension arterial de Cuba y el mundo.
Apparent and true resistant hypertension: definition, prevalence and outcomes
Por: E Judd y D A Calhoun. Journal of Human Hypertension 16 January 2014; doi: 10.1038/jhh.
Resistant hypertension, defined as blood pressure (BP) remaining above goal despite the use of greater than or equal to3 antihypertensive medications at maximally tolerated doses (one ideally being a diuretic) or BP that requires greater than or equal to4 agents to achieve control, has received more attention with increased efforts to improve BP control rates and the emergence of device-based therapies for hypertension. This classically defined resistant group consists of patients with true resistant hypertension, controlled resistant hypertension and pseudo-resistant hypertension.
Effects of antihypertensive drugs on central blood pressure: new evidence, more challenges
Por: Giacomo Pucci, Francesca Battista y Giuseppe Schillaci. Hypertension Research (2014) 37, 10–12.
βa-blocking drugs have long been used as a first-line therapy for hypertension because of their well-established efficacy in lowering brachial blood pressure (BP) and their long-term favorable effects on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, as shown in a number of prospective large-scale trials and meta-analyses. More recently, their use as a preferred strategy for the treatment of essential hypertension has been challenged, as their protective effect on incident stroke may be suboptimal.
Tener la presión arterial elevada en casa pero no en la consulta aumenta el riesgo de infarto
Así se desprende de un estudio publicado en ‘PLOS Medicine’ a partir de un metaanálisis en el que participaron 5.008 pacientes, a los que se les midió la presión arterial tanto en su propio domicilio como en el centro de salud.
Investigadores de la Universidad de Lovaina, en Bélgica, han descubierto que los pacientes que tienen la presión arterial elevada cuando se la miden en casa pero cuando van a la consulta la presentan estable, en lo que se conoce como ‘hipertensión enmascarada’, tienen más riesgo de sufrir un infarto. Las conclusiones resultan de un estudio publicado en PLOS Medicine a partir de un metaanálisis en el que participaron 5.008 pacientes, a los que se les midió la presión arterial tanto en su propio domicilio como en el centro de salud.
El 5 por ciento de los pacientes que presentaban una presión arterial óptima (menos de 120/80 mmHg), el 18,4 por ciento de los que la tenían normal (120/80 mmHg) y el 30,4 por ciento de los que la tenían alta (130/85 mmHg) presentaban resultados ‘enmascarados’ respecto a los niveles que mostraron en sus casas.
Tras un seguimiento medio de 8,3 años, se habían producido un total de 522 fallecimientos, y 414 individuos sufrieron un evento cardiovascular. En comparación con los pacientes sin hipertensión enmascarada, el riesgo de mortalidad aumentó 2,21 veces en pacientes con presión arterial óptima, 1,57 veces para quienes tenían niveles normales y 1,54 veces para quienes tenían los niveles más elevados.
Además, los autores encontraron que los pacientes con hipertensión enmascarada tendían a ser hombres, fumadores, padecer diabetes mellitus o antecedentes de enfermedad cardiovascular y obesidad.
PLOS Medicine (2014); doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001591
(Fuente: jano.es)
Por: S Mennuni, S Rubattu, G Pierelli, G Tocci, C Fofi y M Volpe. Journal of Human Hypertension (2013) 28, 74–79.
Kidney damage represents a frequent event in the course of hypertension, ranging from a benign to a malignant form of nephropathy depending on several factors, that is, individual susceptibility, degree of hypertension, type of etiology and underlying kidney disease. Multiple mechanisms are involved in determination of kidney glomerular, tubular and interstitial injuries in hypertension. The present review article discusses relevant ontributory molecular mechanisms underpinning the promotion of hypertensive renal damage, such as the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS), oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and genetic and epigenetic determinants. We highlighted major pathways involved in the progression of inflammation and fibrosis leading to glomerular sclerosis, tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis, thus providing a state of the art review of the pathogenetic background useful for a better understanding of current and future therapeutic strategies toward hypertensive nephropathy.
Comentarios recientes